Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences (JAPS), a peer reviewed journal, has been published bi-monthly by the Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum (PAS FORUM), since 1991. It publishes original research and review articles on all aspects of animal (including fisheries/wildlife) and plant sciences, agricultural economics, rural sociology and other related subjects. Manuscripts are accepted for publication on the understanding that they have not been published and are not being considered for publication elsewhere. The Editor will assume that all named authors agree with the contents and form of the paper. The copyright of papers accepted for publication belongs to The JAPS. All contributions are subject to editorial revision and Editor's decision will be final.