Manuscript Abstract

INVESTIGATING THE THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF Ficus carica LEAVES EXTRACT IN A RAT MODEL OF INDUCED MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Najeeb Ullah Khan, Shamshad Ul Hassan, Bilal Aslam, Saqib Umer

N. U. Khan1, S. U. Hassan1,*, B. Aslam1 and S. Umer2

1Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

2Department of Theriogenology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

Corresponding Author: drshamshad.kalyar@uaf.edu.pk
Page Number(s): 861-871
Published Online First: February 21, 2026
Publication Date: May 05, 2026
ABSTRACT

Myocardial infarction damages the myocardium due to oxidative stress from increased reactive oxygen species during ischemia, leading to reduced antioxidant defenses and lipid peroxidation. Due to limitations of conventional protective drugs like angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and beta-blockers, phytomedicines are receiving more attention. The purpose of our study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of Ficus carica (FC) leaves extract against a high-fat diet coupled with isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in the rat model. The ethanolic extract of FC leaves was prepared to evaluate the phytochemical constituents and therapeutic effects. The experimental trial consists of 32 Albino Wistar rats, which were randomly allocated into four groups (n = 8 per group) in a completely randomized design (CRD). Group one served as the negative control (NC) group, receiving a normal diet, while the second group was the positive control (PC) group, receiving isoproterenol subcutaneously. Group three served as the standard (STD) group and received metoprolol orally. The fourth group was the Ficus carica leaves extract (FCLE) treatment group, administered FCLE orally. The serum samples were collected to perform biochemical analyses at the end of the experiment. Hematoxylin and eosin staining of the heart and aorta tissue was performed. All obtained data were subjected to statistical analysis. FCLE treatment group significantly (p≤0.05) improved cardiac biomarkers, restored oxidative balance, and normalized hepatic, renal, and systemic biochemical markers compared to the positive control group. Our findings highlight FCLE’s potential as a therapeutic agent for myocardial infarction and support further investigation into its clinical applications.

Keywords: Heart attack, natriuretic peptide, aminotransferase, flavonoids, antioxidants
Open Access: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).


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