Manuscript Abstract

IMPACT OF CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO HEAVY METAL MIXTURES ON SELECTED BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF FRESHWATER FISH SPECIES
Saima Naz, Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha, Qudrat Ullah, Babar Maqbool, Alam Zeb Khan, Muhammad Zubair, Shujaat Hussain, Atta Ur Rehman

S. Naz¹, A. M. M. Chatha², Q. Ullah³*, B. Maqbool⁴, A. Z. Khan⁵, M. Zubair⁶, S. Hussain⁷, A. U. Rehman⁸

¹ bDepartment of Zoology, Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur - 36100, Pakistan,
² Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur - 36100, Pakistan,
³ Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan,
⁴ Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan,
⁵ Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan,
⁶ Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Azad Kashmir 12350, Pakistan,
⁷ Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan,
⁸ Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan,

Corresponding Author: qudratmahsud@gmail.com
Page Number(s): 1374-1383
Published Online First: August 20, 2023
Publication Date: August 20, 2023
ABSTRACT

Heavy metal contamination usually causes depletion in feed utilization in fish, and such disturbance may result in reduced metabolic rate and hence causing reduction in their growth. The present study assessed the harmful effect of sub-lethal concentrations of four different heavy metal mixtures i.e., Mix-I (Mn+Ni), Mix-II (Mn+Ni+Pb), Mix-III (Mn+Pb+Zn+Fe), and Mix-IV (Mn+Ni+Pb+Zn+Fe) on five fish species including Labeo rohitaCatla catla,Cirrhina mrigala, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, and Ctenopharyngodon idella. The experiment was carried out in triplicate for each species separately in glass aquarium for 12 weeks. The results showed a significant (p < 0.001) effect on the treated group as compared to the control group. The average weight gain was as C. catla > L. rohita > C. mrigala > C. idella > H. molitrix. The condition factor was as C. idella > C. mrigala > L. rohita > C. catla > H. molitrix. Similarly, the feed intake also reduced significantly (p>0.001) in the treated group, and the feed conversion efficiency showed significant (p>0.05) effect of metal mixtures on fish metabolism and growth activity. The current study concluded that the studied heavy metals are toxic to different fish species, even at sub-lethal concentrations, and affect different biological parameters of fish growth.

Keywords: heavy metals; chronic exposure; freshwater fishes; growth performance; feed conversion efficiency
Open Access: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).


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