Both Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida are considered the most economically important pests affecting potato production. The spread of G. pallida in nematode populations in Europe have been observed in recent years. Annual regional surveys conduct in Poland in the years 2009-2013 show the presence of pathotype Ro1 of G. rostochiensis in central and northern Poland and a new pathotype Ro5 was detected in three separated provinces: małopolskie, lubuskie and lubelskie. The abundance of cysts in those locations suggests that there is a threat of further spread of Ro5 in the country. Consequently, only the growing resistant potato varieties should keep nematode population below damaging level. The assessment of the set of commonly grown Polish potato varieties for the resistance to nematodes shows insufficient amount of varieties resistant to Ro5 (4 out of 49 tested). The more resistant varieties may be developed by using parental lines in commercial breeding programs. Within such prebreeding program focused on multiple nematode resistances, the parental lines were obtained, which have unique resistances to all pathotypes of Globodera spp.