RT Journal
T1 BISPHENOL S INDUCED CYTO-GENOTOXIC EVALUATION IN Eisenia fetida THROUGH MICRONUCLEUS AND COMET ASSAYS
A1 Umar Nazir
A1 Asia Iqbal
A1 Muhammad Muddassir Ali
A1 Kashif Ali
A1 Aftab Hussain
A1 Sumaira Abbas
A1 Sidra Ashraf
A1 Beenish Aftab
A1 Hafiza Ghulam Fatima
JF Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences
JO JAPS
SN 1018-7081
VO 36
IS 4
YR 2026
FD 2026
DO DOI https://doi.org/10.36899/JAPS.2026.4.0082
AB <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 0in 0in 6.0pt 0in;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Bisphenol S (BPS), the most commonly used alternative to bisphenol A (BPA), is widely present in various consumer products. This study was designed to investigate the BPS-induced cyto-genotoxicity in <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">E. fetida</em>, an important soil indicator. Earthworms were categorized into four experimental groups and one control group (n=10/group), and exposed to different concentrations of BPS (50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/mL). </span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">The median lethal concentration (LC50) of BPS was calculated as 50 mg/mL using Probit analysis estimating the concentration corresponding to the 50% mortality.</span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"> Both cytotoxic and genotoxic assays (micronucleus and comet) showed a concentration-dependent increase in micronuclei frequency and DNA damage in earthworms with significant differences (p &lt; 0.05) between the control and BPS-treated groups. At 200 mg/mL, the greatest level of DNA damage (92.0 &plusmn; 1.41) and micronuclei frequency (113.5 &plusmn; 4.24) were observed. The findings of this study showcase the potential cyto-genotoxicity and hazardous risks due to BPS exposure and emphasize the need for its cautious use and stringent regulation regarding BPS in consumer products.</span></p>
K1 Biomarkers, DNA Damage, Endocrine disrupter, Oxidative stress, Soil ecotoxicology
PB Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum
LK https://thejaps.org.pk/AbstractView.aspx?mid=2025-JAPS-844