RT Journal
T1 EVALUATION OF CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLES (CSNP) AS POTENT IMMUNE ADJUVANT FOR PESTE DES PETITS RUMINANTS (PPR) LIVE OCULAR VACCINE: A STEP FORWARD TOWARDS ERADICATION
A1 Shafeeq Ur Rehman
A1 Waqas Ashraf
A1 Muhammad Salahuddin Shah
A1 Muhammad Moazam Jalees
A1 Muhammad Shan
JF Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences
JO JAPS
SN 1018-7081
VO 36
IS 5
YR 2026
FD 2026
DO DOI https://doi.org/10.36899/JAPS.2026.5.0120
AB <p style="text-align: justify;">Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious viral disease of small ruminants that causes significant economic losses and threatens global food security. Although the Nigeria 75/1 PPR vaccine is effective, improved immunization strategies are needed to induce mucosal immunity with an inherent potential to reduce virus shedding and transmission. This study evaluated the immune response induced by a Chitosan Nanoparticle (CSNP)-based PPR vaccine administered through intranasal (IN) and ocular (OC) routes in goats. Methods: CSNPs were synthesized using the ionic gelation method, confirmed sterile, and mixed with the Nigeria 75/1 PPR vaccine in equal proportions. Five groups were designed: G1 and G2 received the standard vaccine via IN and OC routes; G3 and G4 received the CSNP-based vaccine via the same routes; G5 served as the unvaccinated control. Immune response was assessed using white blood cell (WBC) counts, competitive ELISA (c-ELISA), and Virus Neutralization Test (VNT). Results: G3 and G4 demonstrated enhanced, persistent antibody responses and significantly higher WBC counts than other groups. At day 60 post-vaccination, c-ELISA values were highest in G3 (91.7) and G4 (91.6), while VNT results showed virus neutralization up to a 1:640 dilution for CSNP-based vaccines, compared with 1:80 for the standard vaccine. The control group remained negative throughout. These findings indicate that the CSNP-based PPR vaccine, particularly via the ocular route, enhances both humoral and mucosal immunity. This formulation represents a promising, sustainable approach for efficient vaccination and supports global efforts toward PPR eradication by 2030.</p>
K1 PPR eradication, Mucosal vaccination, Immune adjuvant, Nanoparticle-based vaccine, CSNP-based PPR vaccine
PB Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum
LK https://thejaps.org.pk/AbstractView.aspx?mid=2025-JAPS-1089