THE CHEMOMETRIC APPROACHES FOR DPPH RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITIES MEASUREMENT OF Cananga odorata L. AND ITS CORRELATION WITH ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS - N. Rahmawati; Y. Widiyastuti; A. E. Nugroho; A. Rohman (Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 2025)
Cananga odorata L. (CO), belonging to the Annonaceae family, has been widely reported to have pharmacological effects and is a good source of phenolics, flavonoids, and saponins, which contribute to its antioxidant activity. Using chemometric approaches, this study investigated the impact of environmental parameters such as location height, soil physicochemical characteristics, and heavy metal content on total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC), as well as their correlation with the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity of CO leaf extracts. Fresh leaves and soil samples were gathered from 25 distinct locations. Following the post-harvest process, the grounded leaves were macerated with 70% ethanol for 72 hours, and the resulting dry-thickened extract was further examined. The soil was analyzed for heavy metal concentrations and physicochemical properties. The findings showed that CO samples grow at an altitude of 8-865 m above sea level, with pH-values of soil ranging from 5.51 to 7.44, with the most prominent soil texture being loamy soil. Soil sample from Banjarsari-Surakarta had the highest organic carbon content (7.80). In addition, the KR Bogor-Bogor CO sample included the greatest quantities of TPC and TFC. The extract from KR Cibinong-Bogor demonstrated the strongest DPPH radical scavenging activity, with an IC50 value of 42.14 μg/mL. The loading plot of PCA demonstrated a positive correlation between altitude and total P on TPC, TFC, and DPPH. This study found that the various leaf extracts of CO have remarkable phytochemical properties that could be affected by specific environmental factors, implying a high bioactive component content and potential as novel antioxidant sources.
Keywords: journal article; Cananga odorata; loading plot; DPPH; chemometric approaches; total phenolics content