<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xml>
  <records>
    <record>
      <ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type>
      <contributors>
        <authors>
          <author>M. Z. Arsalan</author>
          <author>S. M. Hussain</author>
          <author>A. Javid</author>
          <author>M. Hussain</author>
          <author>R. Manzoor</author>
          <author>M. M. Jalees</author>
          <author>M. M. Rehan</author>
          <author>A. Sharif</author>
        </authors>
      </contributors>
      <titles>
        <title>SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS OF CITRIC ACID AND PHYTASE SUPPLEMENTED CANOLA MEAL BASED DIET ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY OF CYPRINUS CARPIO FINGERLINGS</title>
        <secondary-title>Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences</secondary-title>
        <alt-title>JAPS</alt-title>
      </titles>
      <dates><year>2023</year><pub-dates><date>2023/03/24</date></pub-dates></dates>
      <volume>33</volume>
      <number>2</number>
      <pages>416-424</pages>
      <isbn>1018-7081</isbn>
      <electronic-resource-num>https://doi.org/10.36899/JAPS.2023.2.0631</electronic-resource-num>
      <abstract>&lt;p&gt;A 3&amp;times;3 factorial arrangement was used to determine the synergistic effects of citric acid (CA) and phytase (PHY) supplemented canola meal (CM) based diet on growth performance and nutrient digestibility of&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Cyprinus carpio&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;fingerlings. Canola meal was used as a main ingredient to prepare diets by replacing fishmeal at graded levels such as: 0%, 25%, 50% and 75%. These diets were further supplemented by different levels of CA (0% and 2.5%) and PHY (0 and 750 FTU kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) to formulate a total of 16 test diets. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was followed to add diets to the fish groups. Chromic oxide (Cr&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) was added as an indigestible marker. Fish were fed at the rate of 5% of their live wet weight. The findings of study revealed that the maximum weight gain% (267.81%), SGR (1.44) and the lowest value of FCR (1.32) were noted when fingerlings were fed on test diet T&lt;sub&gt;12&amp;nbsp;&lt;/sub&gt;containing 50% canola meal with 750 FTUkg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;nbsp;PHY and 2.5% CA supplementation as compared to fish fed on control diet (T&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) having 0% canola meal and without any concentration of CA and PHY. Similarly, optimum nutrient digestibility values such as crude protein (75.06%), crude fat (83.31%) and gross energy (66.45%) were noted when fish fed on the same diet (T&lt;sub&gt;12&lt;/sub&gt;). It may be concluded that fish meal could be optimally replaced with canola meal up to 50%, when supplemented with PHY (750 FTU kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) and CA (2.5%).&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
      <keywords><keyword>C. carpio, phytase, citric acid, canola meal, growth, nutrient digestibility</keyword></keywords>
      <publisher>Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum</publisher>
      <urls><related-urls><url>https://thejaps.org.pk/AbstractView.aspx?mid=ZLG-21-0044</url></related-urls></urls>
    </record>
  </records>
</xml>
