17 Habiba M. Anwar R. Khatoon B. M. Khan K. A. Nasir Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences JAPS 20202020/03/25 30 4 853-859 1018-7081 https://doi.org/10.36899/JAPS.2020.4.0100 <p>Barking deer is a small-sized cervid mammal and in Pakistan its population are limited to outer Himalayan foothill forests of Punjab Pakistan. They are usually associated with low but dense thorn scrub of&nbsp;<em>Acacia modesta, Olea ferruginea and Zizyphus nummularia.</em> Occupancy modelling was used to assess how environmental factors influence occurrence probabilities. The population parameters of barking deer were examined in Murree, Kotli-Sattian and Kahuta National Parks through direct visual observations and indirect signs of animal from 2015-2017. To estimate population density, distance sampling of the line transect data was employed. Mean population density was 0.27 individuals / km&sup2;. The range of encounter rates in each study site was 0.04 to 0.43 per km of transect. Population density in summer was higher (0.43/km&sup2;) than in winter (0.36/km&sup2;), possibly due to the addition of new-borns in May. The barking deer is basically a solitary animal. This species is endangered in Pakistan and its population are declining. Conservation efforts with focus on protection of disturbance-free habitat for barking deer are recommended in the study area.</p> Barking deer, Murree, Kotli Sattian Kahuta National Park, Occupancy modelling, Occurrence patterns, Population density Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum https://thejaps.org.pk/AbstractView.aspx?mid=ZLG-18-0030