17 Z. R. Farooqi E. Ahmad1 M. S. Akhtar T. Ahmad M. I. R. Khan Z. Naseer A. Sattar İ. Serin Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences JAPS 20212021/11/20 31 6 1867-1872 1018-7081 https://doi.org/10.36899/JAPS.2021.6.0392 <p>The present study was conducted to compare the effect of short-term and long-term progesterone and GnRH-based estrus synchronization protocols on fertility of Beetal goats during low breeding season. The goats (n=63) were divided into three groups to receive intravaginal progesterone sponges for short-term (STP; n = 20; 5days) or long-term (LTP; n = 22; 11days) and Ovsynch estrus synchronization protocols (OVS; n = 21). The STP and LTP treated goats were additionally injected with PGF₂&alpha; (75&micro;g/doe) and PMSG (300IU/doe) according to schedule for LTP and STP protocol. The OVS goats were administered 1^st&nbsp;injection of GnRH (25&micro;g/doe) at day 0, PGF₂&alpha; at day 7 and 2^nd&nbsp;GnRH injection at day 9. The goats were observed for estrus signs and bred at detected estrus using a fertile buck. The results indicated that estrus response, pregnancy rate, litter size, and twining rates were significantly higher (<em>p</em>&nbsp;&lt; 0.05) in STP and LTP than OVS treated groups. In contrast, the variables like intervals from PGF₂&alpha; treatment to the onset of estrus or estrus to breeding, pregnancy loss and prolificacy rate were similar (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05) among groups. In conclusions, the short-term intravaginal progesterone-based sponges successfully synchronized the estrus before breeding and could be an effective alternative to conventional long-term progesterone-based or Ovsynch synchronization protocols in Beetal goats. Also, better pregnancy, and kidding rates, with minimal pregnancy loss, could be achieved by employing progesterone-based protocols in Beetal goats.</p> Estrus synchronization, Progesterone, GnRH, Fertility, Goats Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum https://thejaps.org.pk/AbstractView.aspx?mid=AS-20-0085