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      <ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type>
      <contributors>
        <authors>
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      <titles>
        <title>EFFECTS OF IMMUNIZING PREGNANT EWES AND DOES ON THE HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE OF SECRETED COLOSTRUM</title>
        <secondary-title>Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences</secondary-title>
        <alt-title>JAPS</alt-title>
      </titles>
      <dates><year>2018</year><pub-dates><date>2018/02/01</date></pub-dates></dates>
      <volume>28</volume>
      <number>1</number>
      <pages>341-347</pages>
      <isbn>1018-7081</isbn>
      <electronic-resource-num>NA</electronic-resource-num>
      <abstract>&lt;p&gt;The main objective of the study was to produce hyperimmune colostrum of ewes and does by vaccinating them during their pregnancy and to examine the performance of their lambs/ kids receiving the colostrum from the dams. Animals were divided as control (T-1) without vaccination and 3 treatments (vaccinated flocks) (T2-T4). The vaccines used were;&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Clostridia sp&lt;/em&gt;.,&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Pasteurella sp&lt;/em&gt;., and&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Sheep pox&lt;/em&gt;. Study variables were concentration of immunoglobulins (Igs) in both serums&amp;rsquo; of ewes/ does as well as quantifying the Ig classes of colostrum of both species. Results showed that vaccination of pregnant ewes and does were improved by doubling of serum&amp;rsquo; Igs in vaccinated dams compared to the control flock. Likewise, a significant increase of colostrum&amp;rsquo; Igs of ewes and does by 20 and 23%, while serums&amp;rsquo; Igs of the dams increased by 48 % of both species. The studies focused on challenging pregnant dams with individual vaccines of&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Clostridia sp&lt;/em&gt;.,&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Pasteurella sp.,&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;and&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Sheep pox&lt;/em&gt;. Morbidity and mortality rates during the early age of offspring were almost none in vaccinated flocks compared to those without vaccination.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
      <keywords><keyword>Hyperimmune colostrum, immunoglobulin, vaccination, mortality, lambs, kids</keyword></keywords>
      <publisher>Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum</publisher>
      <urls><related-urls><url>https://thejaps.org.pk/AbstractView.aspx?mid=2018-JAPS-42</url></related-urls></urls>
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