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      <ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type>
      <contributors>
        <authors>
          <author>H. Ali</author>
          <author>I. Tauseef</author>
          <author>S. K. Haleem</author>
          <author>I. Ullah</author>
          <author>A.B. Shah</author>
          <author>M. N. K. Khattak</author>
          <author>S. Mahmood</author>
          <author>M. F. Khan</author>
          <author>A. Rashid</author>
          <author>A.U. Rehman</author>
        </authors>
      </contributors>
      <titles>
        <title>PREVALENCE OF GASTROINTESTINAL NEMATODES IN EQUINES OF BAJAUR AND MOHMAND AGENCIES, NORTH-WEST PAKISTAN</title>
        <secondary-title>Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences</secondary-title>
        <alt-title>JAPS</alt-title>
      </titles>
      <dates><year>2018</year><pub-dates><date>2018/06/01</date></pub-dates></dates>
      <volume>28</volume>
      <number>3</number>
      <pages>695-701</pages>
      <isbn>1018-7081</isbn>
      <electronic-resource-num>NA</electronic-resource-num>
      <abstract>An epidemiological study was performed with the aim to elucidate the prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in equines of Bajaur and Mohmand Agencies in North-Western Pakistan from September 2013 to May 2014. The fecal samples from one thousand equines, comprising horses (n=83), donkeys (n=715) , and mules (n=202) were collected and processed for identification of nematode parasites using floatation and sedimentation methods. Results revealed that 72% samples were positive for certain nematode parasites. Overall, 43.74% of the positive samples had mixed infection. The predominant nematode species identified included Trichostrongylous axei ( 19.81%), Dictyocaulus arnfieldi (13.62%), Strongylous spp.( 1 1.14%), Parascaris equorum (7.57%), Cyathostoma spp. (3.85%), Delofondia vulgaris ( 0.14%) and Strongyloides westeri (0.14%). Significantly higher prevalence of nematodes was observed in equines of Bajaur than in the Mohmand Agency (81.2% vs. 64.2%, p&lt;0.0001) . Similarly, the highest prevalence of nematodes was recorded from donkeys followed by mules and horses (77.8%&gt;66.3%&gt;44.6%). In summary, prevalence of equines nematodes showed significant variation (p&lt;0.05) with respect to parameters like geography, hosts species, gende,rand health condition; however, the difference in prevalence of nematodes between young and adult equines was not significant ( p&gt;0.05). In addition to its significance in the control and management of the pathological conditions of equines in the area, this study would provide a baseline for future research in the field. control measures and treatment (Lashari and Tasawar,</abstract>
      <keywords><keyword>Equines, Helminthes, Nematodes, Bajaur Agency, Mohmand Agency, Pakistan.</keyword></keywords>
      <publisher>Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum</publisher>
      <urls><related-urls><url>https://thejaps.org.pk/AbstractView.aspx?mid=2018-JAPS-304</url></related-urls></urls>
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