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      <ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type>
      <contributors>
        <authors>
          <author>S. Mahboob</author>
          <author>H. F. Alkahem Al- Balawi</author>
          <author>F. Al-Misned</author>
          <author>K. A. Al-Ghanim</author>
          <author>Z. Ahmed</author>
        </authors>
      </contributors>
      <titles>
        <title>AN EVALUATION OF WATER POLLUTION IN THE WADI HANEFAH, A NATURAL RESERVOIR IN SAUDI ARABIA USING OXIDATIVE STRESS INDICATORS IN Poecilia latipinna</title>
        <secondary-title>Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences</secondary-title>
        <alt-title>JAPS</alt-title>
      </titles>
      <dates><year>2014</year><pub-dates><date>2014/04/01</date></pub-dates></dates>
      <volume>24</volume>
      <number>2</number>
      <pages>475-480</pages>
      <isbn>1018-7081</isbn>
      <electronic-resource-num>NA</electronic-resource-num>
      <abstract>&lt;p&gt;Fish samples were collected at Wadi Hanefah (WH) and in an unpolluted commercial fish farm designated as the control site (CS). Several antioxidants (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione (GSH)) and the oxidant malondialdehyde (MDA) were selected as bioindicators, and their concentrations were assessed in&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Poecilia latipinna&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;from WH and CS. SOD activity was increased by 52.8% in the kidney, 61.3% in the liver and 18.2% in the heart of&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;P. latipinna&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;from WH, whereas a significant decrease (39.4%) was observed in the gills compared to the control fish,&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;P. latipinna&lt;/em&gt;. In contrast, CAT activity was decreased by 33.2%, 49.2%, 52.1% and 56.2% in the gills, kidney, heart and liver, respectively in&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;P. latipinna&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;from WH. GST activity was also increased in the kidney, heart and liver of&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;P. latipinna&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;from WH by 34.4%, 42.2% and 54%. However, GST activity was decreased (55%) in the gills of fish from WH compared to the fish from CS. GSH concentrations were increased by 44.8%, 35.3% and 32.7% in the kidney, heart and liver but were decreased by 33.6% in the gills. MDA levels in&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;P. latipinna&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;from WH were increased in the gills, kidney, heart and liver by 83.3%, 167.3%, 161.4% and 178.7%.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
      <keywords><keyword>P. latipinna, biomarkers, oxidative stress, pollution, biomonitoring</keyword></keywords>
      <publisher>Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum</publisher>
      <urls><related-urls><url>https://thejaps.org.pk/AbstractView.aspx?mid=2014-JAPS-68</url></related-urls></urls>
    </record>
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