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      <ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type>
      <contributors>
        <authors>
          <author>Y. Topcu``</author>
          <author>M. Macit</author>
          <author>H. Kaya</author>
          <author>A. Kaya</author>
        </authors>
      </contributors>
      <titles>
        <title>TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY ANALYSES OF THE PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND EGG QUALITY PARAMETERS IN LAYING HENS FED BY DIETS CONTAINING RAW AND TREATED COMMON VETCH SEED AT DIFFERENT LEVELS</title>
        <secondary-title>Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences</secondary-title>
        <alt-title>JAPS</alt-title>
      </titles>
      <dates><year>2014</year><pub-dates><date>2014/04/01</date></pub-dates></dates>
      <volume>24</volume>
      <number>2</number>
      <pages>397-405</pages>
      <isbn>1018-7081</isbn>
      <electronic-resource-num>NA</electronic-resource-num>
      <abstract>&lt;p&gt;The aim of the study was to determine the technical and economic optimum levels of raw and treated common vetch seed&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;(CVS)&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;on the productive performance and egg quality traits in laying hens. One hundred and sixty-eight White&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;(Lohmann)&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;layers, 30 weeks of age were randomly assigned to seven groups, each with six replicate cages of four hens. Control diet&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;(C)&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;and basal diets supplemented with 12.5 and 25% raw&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;CVS (%12.5 Raw Common Vetch Seed: RCVSI&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;and&lt;em&gt;&amp;nbsp;%25 Raw Common Vetch Seed: RCVSII)&lt;/em&gt;, 12.5% and 25% soaking&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;CVS&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;(%12.5 Soaking Common Vetch Seed: SCVSI&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;and&lt;em&gt;&amp;nbsp;%25 Soaking Common Vetch Seed: SCVSII)&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;and 12.5% and 25% autoclaving&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;CVS (%12.5 Autoclaving Common Vetch Seed: ACVSI&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;and&lt;em&gt;&amp;nbsp;%25 Autoclaving Common Vetch Seed: ACVSII)&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;were offered for 18 wks. Production elasticity&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;(Ep)&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;and the equation of marginal value of physical product&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;(MVPP)&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;and marginal resources cost&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;(MRC)&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;were used to determine technical and economic production levels, respectively. The most effective technical and economic optimum with 60.17 and 63.54 g&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;EW&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;(egg weight) in laying henswere obtained from 117.29 and 106.68 g&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;SCVSI&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;feed intakes, respectively. On the other hand, the highest technical optimum levels were obtained by 2.51 kg cm-2&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;SS&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;(shell strength) and 89.56&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;HU&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;(Haugh unit) per 90.91 g&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;ACVSII&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;and 103.97 g&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;RCVSII&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;feed intakes, respectively. The growers could reach to the highest technical and economic optimum levels in laying hens by preferring dietary&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;CVS&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;supplementation vs.&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;C&lt;/em&gt;, and thus could provide a major benefit with the effective usage of the scarce source.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
      <keywords><keyword>laying hens, common vetch seed, technical and economic efficiency, performance, egg quality</keyword></keywords>
      <publisher>Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum</publisher>
      <urls><related-urls><url>https://thejaps.org.pk/AbstractView.aspx?mid=2014-JAPS-56</url></related-urls></urls>
    </record>
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