<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xml>
  <records>
    <record>
      <ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type>
      <contributors>
        <authors>
          <author>Ghazala</author>
          <author>S. Mahboob</author>
          <author>K. A. Al-Ghanim</author>
          <author>S. Sultana</author>
          <author>H. F. Alkahem Al- Balawi</author>
          <author>T. Sultana</author>
          <author>F. Al-Misned</author>
          <author>Z. Ahmed</author>
        </authors>
      </contributors>
      <titles>
        <title>ACUTE TOXICITY II: EFFECT OF ORGANOPHOSPHATES AND CARBMATES TO CATLA CATLA FINGERLINGS</title>
        <secondary-title>Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences</secondary-title>
        <alt-title>JAPS</alt-title>
      </titles>
      <dates><year>2014</year><pub-dates><date>2014/12/01</date></pub-dates></dates>
      <volume>24</volume>
      <number>6</number>
      <pages>Catla catla, Acute toxicity, Profenofos, Triazophos, Carbofuran, Carbaryl</pages>
      <isbn>1018-7081</isbn>
      <electronic-resource-num>NA</electronic-resource-num>
      <abstract>&lt;p&gt;Pesticides are widely used in modern agriculture to aid in the production of high quality food. However, some pesticides have the potential to cause serious health and/or environmental damage. Organophosphates (OCP&amp;rsquo;S) and carbamates can cause pollution in freshwater ecosystem, as well as having a significant effect on the health of fish. The acute effects of commercial formulation of triazophos, profenofos, carbofuran and carbaryl were determined in one of the indigenous fish species,&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Catla catla&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;fingerlings. Pesticides were applied to fingerlings that had been grown under optimised standard conditions under a maintained static bioassay system.&amp;nbsp; Probit analysis was used for the estimation of LC50 values, which were ascertained as 4.84, 0.19, 0.99 and 7.89 mg/L for triazophos, profenofos, carbofuran and carbaryl, respectively. 100% mortality of&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Catla catla&lt;/em&gt; was observed with a 2.8 mg/L dose of carbofuran at 96 hours with a significant difference. &amp;nbsp;Acute toxic stress was noticed with subjects exhibiting behavioral intoxication, including suffocation, lying on the bottom, erratic swimming, lethargy and downward movements and gulping prior to mortality.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
      <keywords><keyword>Catla catla, Acute toxicity, Profenofos, Triazophos, Carbofuran, Carbaryl</keyword></keywords>
      <publisher>Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum</publisher>
      <urls><related-urls><url>https://thejaps.org.pk/AbstractView.aspx?mid=2014-JAPS-257</url></related-urls></urls>
    </record>
  </records>
</xml>
