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      <ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type>
      <contributors>
        <authors>
          <author>M. A. Rashid</author>
          <author>T. N. Pasha</author>
          <author>M. A. Jabbar</author>
          <author>A. Ijaz</author>
        </authors>
      </contributors>
      <titles>
        <title>CHANGES IN BLOOD METABOLITES OF EARLY WEANED NILI-RAVI BUFFALO (B UBALUS BUBALIS) CALVES</title>
        <secondary-title>Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences</secondary-title>
        <alt-title>JAPS</alt-title>
      </titles>
      <dates><year>2013</year><pub-dates><date>2013/08/01</date></pub-dates></dates>
      <volume>23</volume>
      <number>4</number>
      <pages>1067-1071</pages>
      <isbn>1018-7081</isbn>
      <electronic-resource-num>NA</electronic-resource-num>
      <abstract>&lt;p&gt;Study was conducted to evaluate the effect of age and sampling time on blood metabolites of early weaned Nili-Ravi male buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves. Eight newly born, male buffalo calves were fed on colostrum for the first 3 days; thereafter, whole milk was fed at 10% of BW for 6 weeks and intakes were adjusted according to live BW on a weekly basis. At week 7 and 8 calves were fed at 5% and 2.5% of BW, respectively, and weaned off milk at the end of week 8. Calf starter was offered ad-libitum from week 2 through 12 and intakes were recorded on a daily basis. Jugular blood samples were collected 30 minutes before (-30) feeding, at the time of feeding (0), 30, 60 and 90 minutes post morning feeding (+30, +60 and +90). Sampling was conducted at week 4, 8 and 12 of age. Results revealed that blood glucose concentration decreased (P&amp;lt;0.01) with advancing age. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration increased (P&amp;lt;0.01) with advancing age and was higher at week 8 and 12 (P&amp;lt;0.05) compared with the concentration at 4 week of age. The concentration of plasma NEFA was highest at week 8 and lowest at week 12 (P&amp;lt;0.05). Changes in blood metabolites with advancing age in calves weaned earlier at 8 weeks of age indicate the association between rumen fermentation and blood metabolites that can be used as an indicator for rumen development.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
      <keywords><keyword>Buffalo calf, Milk feeding, Early weaning, Starter, Blood metabolites</keyword></keywords>
      <publisher>Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum</publisher>
      <urls><related-urls><url>https://thejaps.org.pk/AbstractView.aspx?mid=2013-JAPS-419</url></related-urls></urls>
    </record>
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