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      <ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type>
      <contributors>
        <authors>
          <author>K. Saeed</author>
          <author>Z. Qadir</author>
          <author>K. Ashraf</author>
          <author>N. Ahmad</author>
        </authors>
      </contributors>
      <titles>
        <title>ROLE OF INTRINSIC AND EXTRINSIC EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FACTORS ON STRONGYLOSIS IN HORSES</title>
        <secondary-title>Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences</secondary-title>
        <alt-title>JAPS</alt-title>
      </titles>
      <dates><year>2010</year><pub-dates><date>2010/08/01</date></pub-dates></dates>
      <volume>20</volume>
      <number>4</number>
      <pages>277-280</pages>
      <isbn>1018-7081</isbn>
      <electronic-resource-num>NA</electronic-resource-num>
      <abstract>&lt;p&gt;A total of 133 (65.51%) faecal samples were found positive for various helminths and most frequently strongyle infections were diagnosed with an infection rate of 58.5% (117/200) in a year long study to asses various epidemiological factors influencing the gastro-intestinal nematodes of horses. &amp;nbsp;Significant difference in the prevalence of various gastrointestinal helminths was detected in the study population (p &amp;le; 0.05). Species identified included:&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Parascaris equorum&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;(&lt;em&gt;P. equorum&lt;/em&gt;),&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Dictyocalus arnifieldi&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;(&lt;em&gt;D. arnifieldi&lt;/em&gt;),&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Anoplocephla&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;species,&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Gastrodiscus aegypticus&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;(G.&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;aegypticus&lt;/em&gt;),&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Strongyloides westeri&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;(&lt;em&gt;S. westeri&lt;/em&gt;),&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Trichstrongylus axei&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;(&lt;em&gt;T. axei&lt;/em&gt;),&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Strongylus vulgaris&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;(S. vulgaris),&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Strongylus edentatus&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;(&lt;em&gt;S. edentatus&lt;/em&gt;),&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Strongylus equinus&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;(&lt;em&gt;S. equinus&lt;/em&gt;) and&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Trichonema&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;spp&lt;/em&gt;. Prevalence of strongylosis was not affected by age (p = 0.1). Higher eggs per gram of faeces (epg) were recorded in young horse (&amp;le; 3 year old horses) as compared with older horses (p &amp;le; 0.001). Similarly no difference in the prevalence of strongyle infections as influenced by sex could be detected (p = 0.7) and excretion of eggs was also not affected by the sex of the animals (p = 0.06). Season has no impact on the prevalence of strongyle infections (p = 0.07) but shedding intensity of strongyle eggs is affected by season (p &amp;le; 0.001) and significantly higher egg excretion was recorded in spring and summer.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract>
      <keywords><keyword>Horses, epidemiology, helminths, strongylosis, epg</keyword></keywords>
      <publisher>Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum</publisher>
      <urls><related-urls><url>https://thejaps.org.pk/AbstractView.aspx?mid=2010-JAPS-417</url></related-urls></urls>
    </record>
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