[{
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "HIGH RATE OF ESBL- PRODUCING ESCHERICHIA COLI FROM RETAIL-CHICKEN CARRYING BLACTX-M GENE ON PLASMIDS MAINLY CARRYING FREPB REPLICON",
  "author": [
    {
      "family": "1#",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Ullah1#",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Tauseef",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Haleem",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Jamal",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Gu",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Asadullah",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Ayaz",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Shafiq",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Khan",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Rahman4",
      "given": ""
    }
  ],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [[2020]]
  },
  "container-title": "Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences",
  "ISSN": "1018-7081",
  "volume": "31",
  "issue": "3",
  "page": "698-707",
  "DOI": "https://doi.org/10.36899/JAPS.2021.3.0260",
  "abstract": "<p>Antimicrobial resistance is increasingly reported worldwide, however, there is scarcity of data from Pakistan. Particularly, data from food-producing animals and their products is totally lacking. Here, we report on the ESBL-genotypes, integron types, insertion sequence, plasmid replicon typing and susceptibility to commonly used-antimicrobials of&nbsp;<em>E. coli</em>&nbsp;recovered from poultry-meat in live bird market of District Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Random&nbsp;<em>E. coli</em>&nbsp;isolates were picked up for screening of ESBL-production and -genotype, antimicrobial resistance profile through disc diffusion method and integron and plasmid replicon typing. Of the 33&nbsp;<em>E. coli&nbsp;</em>multidrug resistant isolates (resistant to tetracycline, ampicillin, cefotaxime and novobiocine), 28 (phylogroup B2=11, A=9 and D=8) were ESBL producers harboring&nbsp;<em>bla<sub>CTX-M&nbsp;</sub></em>(<em>bla<sub>CTXM-9</sub></em><sub>=</sub>25 and<em>&nbsp;bla<sub>CTXM-1</sub></em>=3,&nbsp;<em>bla<sub>CTXM-15</sub></em>=3), while, none of them were carrying&nbsp;<em>bla<sub>SHV</sub></em>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<em>bla<sub>TEM</sub></em>. Majority of these ESBL producers were carrying class-1 integron (n=21), although 11 isolates were carrying IS<em>CR1</em>, which found to be linked with&nbsp;<em>bla<sub>CTX-M</sub></em>&nbsp;among 5 isolates (45.5%). PCR based plasmid replicon typing revealed that FrepB replicon was found most dominantly and carried by 27 isolates followed by B/O replicon. This suggests that poultry raw meat may contribute to spread of ESBL-producing&nbsp;<em>E. coli</em> or ESBL- genes.</p>",
  "publisher": "Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum",
  "URL": "https://thejaps.org.pk/AbstractView.aspx?mid=VS-19-0075"
}]