[{
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "IMPACT OF MORINGA OLEIFERA DRIED LEAVES AND A PHYSICAL FORM OF A FORAGE SOURCE ON THE PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE AND METHANE EMISSION OF DAIRY COWS",
  "author": [
    {
      "family": "Chishti",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Zamir",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Shah",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Ali",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Khalid",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Bilal",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Riaz",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Farooq",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Mustafa",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Abbas",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Rahman",
      "given": ""
    }
  ],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [[2025]]
  },
  "container-title": "Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences",
  "ISSN": "1018-7081",
  "volume": "35",
  "issue": "6",
  "page": "1755-1764",
  "DOI": "https://doi.org/10.36899/JAPS.2025.6.0150",
  "abstract": "<p><em>The present study assessed the influence of Moringa oleifera (MO) dried leaves and a physical form of a forage source on the production performance and methane emission of dairy cows.&nbsp;</em>Thirty Holstein-Friesian (10 primiparous and 20 multiparous) mid-lactating (DIM 181 &plusmn; 17, mean &plusmn; SD; 563 &plusmn; 25 kg of BW) cows were blocked (based on the parity) into groups of 6 and randomly assigned to each of five treatments; C= TMR (control diet), AP= TMR+4 Kg alfalfa pellets, AH= TMR+4 Kg alfalfa hay, M2=TMR+2 Kg MO-dry leaves, M4= TMR+4 Kg Moringa dry leaves. The results indicated a higher intake of Dry matter (DM) (22.2 Kg/d) and Crude protein (CP) (3.20 kg/d) in AP-supplemented cows. The results showed increased NDF (neutral detergent fiber) (11.24 Kg/d) and ADF (acid detergent fiber) (9.41 Kg/d) intakes in cows fed with the AH diet, and lower NDF (9.40 Kg/d) and ADF (7.35 Kg/d) intakes were observed in the control group cows. Moreover, the highest DM digestibility (68.4%) was observed in cows offered the M4 supplementation. Whereas, the digestibility of CP (65.9%) was greater in cows receiving AP-augmented diets. The results revealed enhanced NDF (57.2%) and ADF (52.8%) digestibilities in cows incorporated with AH in their diet. Our observations reflected higher milk production (27.22 Kg/d) in cows provided with the dietary addition of AH. While, increased milk production efficiency (MY/DMI) was found in cows fed with the dietary inclusion of M2 (1.36). Moreover, the higher 3.5% FCM (27.32 Kg/d) and milk efficiency (FCM/DMI) were noticed in M4-supplemented cows (1.35). Similarly, the milk composition % (protein, fat, TS, and SNF) was also improved in cows supplemented with M4 in their ration. Furthermore, a reduction in methane emission (CH4/kg DMI per day and CH4 g/kg 3.5% FCM) in M4 and M2 supplemented cows (CH4 g per day and CH4 g/ kg milk) was noticed. In conclusion, the dietary incorporation of MO-dried leaves in combination with a forage source improves milk production efficiency, milk composition, and decreases enteric methane emission in dairy cows.</p>",
  "publisher": "Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum",
  "URL": "https://thejaps.org.pk/AbstractView.aspx?mid=2025-JAPS-404"
}]