[{
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT OF HUMAN-WILDLIFE CONFLICTS ON AGRICULTURE BASED LIVELIHOOD IN THE PERIPHERY OF SAVE VALLEY CONSERVANCY, SOUTHERN ZIMBABWE",
  "author": [
    {
      "family": "Mhuriro-Mashapa",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Mwakiwa",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Mashapa",
      "given": ""
    }
  ],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [[2018]]
  },
  "container-title": "Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences",
  "ISSN": "1018-7081",
  "volume": "28",
  "issue": "3",
  "page": "903-914",
  "DOI": "NA",
  "abstract": "Human-wildlife conflicts are a concern in southern Zimbabwe which is part of Greater Limpopo Transfrontier Conservation Area. Study objectives were to assess cost value of crop/livestock loss incurred by farmers as well as to identify drivers of human-wildlife conflicts and explore mitigation measures on agro-based communities of Mutema- Musikavanhu, adjacent to Save Valley Conservancy in southern Zimbabwe. Data collection was done in November 2016, using questionnaires administered to randomly selected 300 households and 20 key informants. Majority of farmers ( 86%, n = 258) had incurred annual household economic loss ranging from US$ 671.00 to US$ 998.21 per household, though perceived and actual losses differed by 63.2% for mono-specific stands of crops and livestock herds for the period October 2014 to October 2016. It was concluded the main drivers of human-wildlife conflicts were African elephants (Loxodonta africana) raiding crops like maize ( Zea mays), bananas (Musa sapientum) and legumes (Cucurbita sp.), whereas, lions ( Panthera leo) kill livestock, mainly cattle (Bos taurus). Ineffective deterrents such as setting fires around fields at night, guarding crops and herding livestock were methods employed to minimize human- wildlife conflicts. Local people suggested erection of an electrified fence to reduce trespassing of wild animals from protected area to human settlement. challenges faced by communal farmers, inclusive of",
  "publisher": "Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum",
  "URL": "https://thejaps.org.pk/AbstractView.aspx?mid=2018-JAPS-327"
}]