[{
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "ASSESSMENT OF THREE DIFFERENT ENDOMETRIAL CYTOLOGICAL SAMPLING METHODS IN POSTPARTUM BEEF COWS",
  "author": [
    {
      "family": "Salah",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Yimer",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Wahid",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Rosnina",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Khumran",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Mahdi",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Baiee",
      "given": ""
    }
  ],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [[2017]]
  },
  "container-title": "Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences",
  "ISSN": "1018-7081",
  "volume": "27",
  "issue": "5",
  "page": "1515-1521",
  "DOI": "NA",
  "abstract": "<p>The aim of this study was to assess three different cytological endometrial sampling methods used to estimate&nbsp;<a title=\"Polymorphonuclear leukocytes\" href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymorphonuclear_leukocytes\">polymorphonuclear leukocytes</a>&nbsp;(PMN) under high power field (HPF) microscopy and to determine subclinical endometritis in postpartum beef cows. Forty beef cows aged&nbsp; 3-7 years were sampled at week three and four after calving by endometrial cytology methods. The cytological sampling methods used included;&nbsp; cotton swab (CS), cytobrush (CB) technique, and low volume flush (LVF), respectively. The mean&nbsp; PMN counts at&nbsp; the third week was higher (p&lt;0.01) (12.2 cells HPF-1<span dir=\"rtl\">&nbsp;</span>than on the fourth week (4 cells HPF-1). The average PMN counts using CB alone was significantly&nbsp; higher (11.3 cells HPF-1)&nbsp; than CS (7 cells HPF-1) and LVF ( 6 cells HPF-1) methods. Smears from CB had more endometrial cells (58.55 cells HPF-1) at HPF, which was significantly higher (p<span dir=\"rtl\">&nbsp;</span><span dir=\"rtl\">&gt;</span><span dir=\"ltr\">&nbsp;</span>0.01)&nbsp; than CS and LVF methods. Both CB and CS methods yielded more intact cells (62.4 % and 61.9 %) (p&nbsp;<span dir=\"rtl\">&gt;</span><span dir=\"ltr\">&nbsp;</span>0.01) than LVF (52.4 %). The prevalence of subclinical endometritis in the beef cows between 22 and 28 days postpartum using a threshold value of&nbsp;<span dir=\"rtl\">&le;</span><span dir=\"ltr\">&nbsp;</span>8 % by cytobrush method was 12.5%, which is considered low. In conclusion, CB method was found to be better and effective technique in comparison to other cytological methods used in obtaining endometrial cytology samples.</p>",
  "publisher": "Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum",
  "URL": "https://thejaps.org.pk/AbstractView.aspx?mid=2017-JAPS-191"
}]