[{
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "ANALYSIS OF TNF-α GENE EXPRESSION WITH LIPOPOLYSACCCHARIDE (LPS) AND POLYINOSINIC; POLYCYTIDYLIC ACID (POLY I.C) STIMULATION IN HEAD KIDNEY AND SPLEEN OF CIRRHINUS MRIGALA",
  "author": [
    {
      "family": "Hassan",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Mughal",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Sohail",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Javed",
      "given": ""
    }
  ],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [[2016]]
  },
  "container-title": "Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences",
  "ISSN": "1018-7081",
  "volume": "26",
  "issue": "6",
  "page": "1872-1878",
  "DOI": "NA",
  "abstract": "<p>Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-&alpha;) an imperative cytokine is secreted from various immune cells, involved in regulation of inflammation process, leukocytes functioning and secretion of other cytokines. TNF&ndash;&alpha; has been identified and studied in many bony fishes. In Pakistan,&nbsp;<em>Cirrhinusmrigala</em>is an important farm fish. Being a novel organism, it was selected for the present studies. After acclimation, fish were divided into five groups i.e. control receiving no stimulation, experimental B,C,D and E receiving LPS and Poly I.C, 2 mg and 20 mg/kg body weight respectively through intra-peritoneal injection. These were dissected after 4, 8 and 12 h of injection. Spleen and head kidney were removed and processed for RNA isolation, quantified and used for cDNA synthesis. PCR was performed with TNF-&alpha; primers taking cDNA as template. Amplified products were run on 1.2% agarose gel and intensity was calculated by Quality One v.4.5.9 software (BIO-RAD). TNF-&alpha; expression was observed significantly up-regulated with 20 mg dose after 4 h of stimulation with LPS but with Poly I.C it was observed after 12 h. Spleen showed elevated expression than head kidney. So the expression level of TNF-&alpha; is not only dependent on time and dose of the stimulants but different organs also.</p>",
  "publisher": "Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum",
  "URL": "https://thejaps.org.pk/AbstractView.aspx?mid=2016-JAPS-244"
}]