[{
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "LIGHT USE EFFICIENCY DISTRIBUTION AS A FUNCTION OF DIFFERENT TREE SHAPES IN APPLE",
  "author": [
    {
      "family": "Gao",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Li",
      "given": ""
    }
  ],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [[2015]]
  },
  "container-title": "Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences",
  "ISSN": "1018-7081",
  "volume": "25",
  "issue": "3",
  "page": "247-253",
  "DOI": "NA",
  "abstract": "<p>Light use efficiency (LUE) is the single, most influencing factor on fruit yield and quality. The three-dimensional (3-D) distribution and diurnal variation of the LUE of the fruit tree canopy can be simulated by establishing the coupled model of the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and the 3-d canopy&rsquo;s photo synthetically-active radiation (PAR). The 3-D distribution of the Pn of the canopy was determined by the C3 photosynthesis model and the 3-D distribution of PAR and leaf area. LUE was expressed as the ratio of Pn to PAR. The diurnal variations and 3-D distributions of four apple tree shapes LUEs (I: small-sparse shape, II: disperse-stratified shape, III: spindle shape, and IV: open-center shape) were simulated through the coupled model. The results of the simulation demonstrated that, under high radiation conditions (PAR=1500 &mu;mol&middot;m- 2&middot;s-1), the LUEs of the four tree shapes were 0.0186 &mu;mol&middot;mol-1 , 0.0199 &mu;mol&middot;mol-1 , 0.0187 &mu;mol&middot;mol-1 , and 0.0150 &mu;mol&middot;mol-1 , in treatment I to IV, respectively. On clear days, the apple tree canopy&rsquo;s LUE displayed a bimodal curve. The LUEs of the four tree shapes&rsquo; canopies per unit of ground for a day were 0.0127 mol&middot;mol-1 , 0.0151 mol&middot;mol-1 , 0.0144 mol&middot;mol-1 , and 0.0115 mol&middot;mol-1 , in treatment I to IV, respectively. Of the four tree shapes, the average LUE of the open- center shape was the highest, being 0.0175 mol&middot;mol-1 , and it was respectively 8.3%, 5.9%, and 5.7% higher than that of the small-sparse shape, the stratified-disperse shape, and the spindle shape. The study indicated that the 3-D distributions and diurnal variations of the LUEs of the different apple tree shapes&rsquo; 3-D canopies can be simulated through the coupled model. The results also showed that, of the four apple tree shapes, the LUE of the open- center shape was the highest, which could improve fruit quality. Also, the other three tree shapes&rsquo; canopies had high total amounts of LUE, which could raise fruit yield.</p>",
  "publisher": "Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum",
  "URL": "https://thejaps.org.pk/AbstractView.aspx?mid=2015-JAPS-337"
}]