[{
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "PREVALENCE AND PATHOLOGY OF DICTYOCAULUS VIVIPAROUS INFECTION IN CATTLE AND BUFFALOES",
  "author": [
    {
      "family": "Mahmood",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Khan",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Hussain",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Anjum",
      "given": ""
    }
  ],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [[2014]]
  },
  "container-title": "Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences",
  "ISSN": "1018-7081",
  "volume": "24",
  "issue": "3",
  "page": "743-748",
  "DOI": "NA",
  "abstract": "<p>The nematode,<em>&nbsp;Dictyocaulus viviparus</em>, causes severe parasitic bronchitis in dairy animals and is responsible for significant economic losses. Present study was conducted to determine the occurrence of bovine lungworm&nbsp;<em>Dictyocaulus viviparus&nbsp;</em>ahighly endemic parasite. The fecal samples were collected from buffaloes (n=235) and cattle (n=210) and examined using Baermann technique<em>.</em>&nbsp;After slaughtering the lungs of all the buffaloes and cattle were separated and carefully examined for the presence of&nbsp;<em>D. viviparus</em>&nbsp;at Faisalabad abattoir.Overall non-significant difference in prevalence of&nbsp;<em>D. viviparus</em>&nbsp;in fecal samples of cattle (4.76%) and buffaloes (5.10%) was recorded. Grossly morbid lung tissues from buffalo (n=5) and cattle (n=3) revealed nodular appearance, severe pneumonia and congestive changes. Multifocal lymphocytic and eosinophilic bronchiolitis along with widened interlobular pulmonary septa were observed in lungs sections infected with<em>&nbsp;D. viviparus.</em>&nbsp;Lungs tissue exhibited peribronchiolar aggregation of mononuclear cells, presence of eggs and different developmental stages including, newly hatched and L1 stage of&nbsp;<em>D. viviparus</em> in air spaces.</p>",
  "publisher": "Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum",
  "URL": "https://thejaps.org.pk/AbstractView.aspx?mid=2014-JAPS-104"
}]