[{
  "type": "article-journal",
  "title": "IMPACT OF INTEGRATED WEED MANAGEMENT ON FLAT-SOWN COTTON (GOS SYPIUM HIRSUTUM L.)",
  "author": [
    {
      "family": "Ali",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Abid",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Ahmad",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Sarwar",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Arooj",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Mahmood",
      "given": ""
    },
    {
      "family": "Shahzad",
      "given": ""
    }
  ],
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [[2013]]
  },
  "container-title": "Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences",
  "ISSN": "1018-7081",
  "volume": "23",
  "issue": "4",
  "page": "1185-1192",
  "DOI": "NA",
  "abstract": "<p>Field experiments were conducted during 2006 and 2007 to develop an effective integrated method of weed control for conventional flat-sown cotton. Treatments included combinations of chemical (No chemical, Pendimethalin @2.5 L ha-1 , and Glyphosate @4.7 L ha-1) and mechanical (No inter-culturing, Inter-culturing, Hand-weeding, and Inter-culturing + Hand-weeding) methods of weed control. A RCBD experiment with split plot arrangements was laid out; where chemical treatments were kept in main plots while mechanical treatments in subplots. Pendimethlin in combination with different mechanical treatments produced the maximum weed control (97%) at 30 DAS (days after sowing), while at 60 DAS the maximum weed control (91%) was achieved by application of Glyphosate in combination with Inter-culturing + hand-weeding. Highest seed cotton yields 2578 and 3613 kg ha-1 were recorded with application of Pendimethalin in combination with Inter-culturing + hand-weeding, followed by 2468 and 3396 kg ha-1 with application of Pendimethalin in combination with Hand-weeding during 2006 and 2007, respectively. Application of Pendimethalin in combination with Inter-culturing and hand-weeding produced the maximum plant dry weight (kg ha-1). Variations in characteristics of fiber quality i.e. %GOT, staple length (mm), and micronaire (&micro;g inch-1) in response to different treatment combinations were either non significant or significant with very little practical importance. It is suggested that pre-emergence application of Pendimethalin in combination with Inter-culturing + hand-weeding may be used for efficient weed control and higher yields in flat-sown cotton.</p>",
  "publisher": "Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum",
  "URL": "https://thejaps.org.pk/AbstractView.aspx?mid=2013-JAPS-436"
}]