The objective of the present investigation was to study single nukleotid changes genetic in leptin gene in indigenous (East Anatolian red Cattle and Anatolian Black) cattle breeds. The T and C allele frequencies were 0.54±0.06 and 0.46±0.06 for East Anatolian Red cattle, 0.48±0.05 and 0.52±0.05 for Anatolian Black respectively. All genotypes were distributed according to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Effect of leptin T allele polymorphism on the chest circumference was non-significant in East Anatolian Red breed. However, it was found significant in Anatolian Black breed (P<0.05). Statistical analysis results are showed that TT genotyped in Anatolian Black breed were higher than values of the other genotypes (CC and CT). These results indicate that the leptin TT genotype is associated with increased chest circumference. These observations may be economic interest. Genetic distances were determined according to Nei methods between the Brown Swiss (16) and East Anatolian Red Cattle (38) and Anatolian Black Cattle (45) breeds.